Conference focusing on the challenges of capital cities, the associated responsibilities and costs, and the role of capital cities in the present and future. Speakers included: Prof. António Carmona Rodrigues, President of the Lisbon City Foundation; Dr. José Ribeiro e Castro, from the Historical Society of Portuguese Independence; Prof. Eduardo Marçal Grilo, Curator of the FCL; Dr. Vítor Ramalho, Secretary General of UCCLA – Union of Portuguese-speaking Capital Cities; Lieutenant Colonel Jorge Sequeira, from the Military Academy; and Engº Carlos Moedas, Mayor of Lisbon.

Each of the perspectives addressed discussed the challenges facing cities – migration,
the integration of different cultures, environmental problems, security and territorial cohesion, social issues such as employment and housing, the economic challenges posed by the development of the digital economy, entrepreneurship and innovation, and the location and relocation of companies. All the interventions pointed to the urgent need
for strategic action capable of addressing the common challenges that put pressure on capital cities across the board.